Hallo English Learners !!! Balik lagi nih dengan pembahasan seputar tenses dalam bahasa inggris. Setelah sebelumnya kita membahas tentang past continuous tense secara lengkap, sekarang kita akan membahas past perfect tense.
Past perfect tense ini termasuk salah satu jenis yang tergolong dalam keluarga past tense. Seperti apa sih penjelasan detailnya? Berikut penjelasannya, Let’s read!!!
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Pengertian: suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aktifitas telah selesai diwaktu lampau.
POLA KALIMAT PAST PERFECT
(+) S + had + V3 + O + Adverb
- We had spoken English
(-) S + had + Not + V3 + O + Adverb
- We hadn’t spoken English
(?) Had + S + V3 + O + Adverb?
Had we spoken English?
(-?) (Grammar) Had + S + Not + V3 + O + Adverb?
- Had we not spoken English?
(-?) (Speaking) Had+ Not + S + V3 + O + Adverb
- Hadn’t we spoken English?
** NOTE :
Aturan Penggunaan Had pada past perfect:
I, You, They, We, She, He, It, Shara, Cat –》 Had
PENGGUNAAN PAST PERFECT
1. Past perfect tense untuk menyatakan aktifitas di masa lampau yang telah selesai terjadi sebelum past event lainnya. Subordinate conjunction yang dapat digunakan antara lain:
- after (simple past tense + after + past perfect tense)
- before, by the time, when (past perfect tense + before / by the time / when + simple past tense)
Contoh :
- The student had gotten a verbal warning before his parents were called.
- I had already eaten breakfast by the time he picked me up.
2. Untuk menunjukkan seberapa sering sesuatu terjadi di masa lampau. Time expression (keterangan waktu) yang sering digunakan yaitu frasa adverbial of number. Seperti :
- twice / two times / three times + before + simple past tense / participle (phrase): twice before getting married (dua kali sebelum menikah), two times before they got married (dua kali sebelum mereka menikah), three times before I read his review (tiga kali sebelum saya membaca tinjauannya)
- every day / every two days / every other day until 2012 (setiap hari / setiap dua hari sampai tahun 2012)
- every summer until 2000 (setiap musim panas hingga tahun 2000).
Contoh :
- I had read the book three times before I read his review.
- They had met twice before married.
- Yulia had been to the gym every two days until 2012.
3. Past perfect tense digunakan pada reported speech setelah verb:
- said
- told
- asked
- thought
- wondered
Contoh : He said that he had listened carefully the instruction.
4. Untuk mengekspresikan harapan atau impian yang tidak kesampaian melalui conditional sentence tipe 3.
Rumus conditional sentence tipe 3:
if + past perfect tense + would/should/could/might + have + past participle
Contoh :
- If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party.
- Rina would have been the same level with me if she had studied harder.
KETERANGAN WAKTU PAST PERFECT TENSE
- After : Setelah
- Before : Sebelum
- When : Ketika
- By the end of : Menjelang
- As soon as :Sesegera mungkin
- Until : Sampai
Nah seperti itulah penjelasan lengkap mengenai past perfect tense, mulai dari pengertian, pola kalimat dan contoh penggunaan. Kamu bisa juga menyimak penjelasan lengkap melalui video pembelajaran DI SINI.
Tidak sesulit yang kamu bayangkan bukan? Asal kamu telaten dan sabar, kamu pasti bisa kok menguasai semua jenis tenses yang ada dalam bahasa inggris. Semangat belajar ya semuanya. Semoga bermanfaat, SEE YA TATAA ….
